– This is a bit long, so do your best and skim as needed Browne, E. J. The Secular Ark Studies in the History of Biogeography. New Haven Yale University Press, 1983 Chapter 2 ‘The Nations of Plants’ (pp. 32-57) and Chapter 3, ‘A Science of Patterns’ (pp. 58-85). Link

Part I – The Preparation
Please read (skim) the following materials:
– This is a bit long, so do your best and skim as needed: Browne, E. J. The Secular Ark: Studies in the History of Biogeography. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1983; Chapter 2 ‘The Nations of Plants’ (pp. 32-57) and Chapter 3, ‘A Science of Patterns’ (pp. 58-85). Link
– González‐Orozco, Carlos E., Malte C. Ebach, and Regina Varona. “Francisco José De Caldas and the Early Development of Plant Geography.” Journal of Biogeography 42, no. 11 (2015): 2023-2030. Link
– Humboldt, Alexander Von and Aimé Bonpland. “Essay on the Geography of Plants (1807).” In The Future of Nature: Documents of Global Change. New Haven: Yale University Press., 2013, pp. 205-219. Link
– I have also placed a PDF of a translation of Humboldts “Essay on the Geography of Plants in the readings folder.
Part II – The Report
The write an essay of 250-400 words discussing:
a. What was new or novel in the way the scientists (choose one or two to focus on) studying nature.
b. what they intended to represent in their images (maps, lists of plants, etc), and how this was different or similar to the way Linnaeus and Buffon used images.
c. the topic of European imperialism as it relates to the explorations and kinds of knowledge that occurred in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
In-text citations:
In the body of your essay, cite your sources using footnotes in Chicago Manual Style.
Part III – Bibliography:
Include a Bibliography listing all the sources you have used in Chicago Manual of Style: https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html